HYDRUS 2.x Tutorials
The purpose of the tutorials given below is to give HYDRUS users hands-on experience with the 3D-Professional version of the HYDRUS software package. Several examples are provided to familiarize users with the new tools offered in this version. A majority of the tutorials deals with the main concepts and procedures of complex domain designs. You can either download videos or play tutorials directly in your browser. Notice that most tutorials are accompanied by a brief text, describing carried out procedure, and also commenting and explaining major steps. Enjoy.
Note: This page contains tutorials for the 3D-Profession version of HYDRUS (Version 2). Tutorials for Version 1 of HYDRUS can be found elsewhere. Most of the tutorials for versio 1 are, with few exceptions, fully relevant for version 2 as well.
Before you start using the 3D-Professional version, please read the Notes_on_Spatial_and_Temporal_Discretization.pdf (1MB).
Introductory Tutorials and Examples
Introduction to Building 3D-General Domains
Tutorial 5.11 consists of a few video tutorials and serves as an introduction to more sophisticated modeling of 3D geometries of general shapes. Note that this tutorial is related to the domain type “3D-General” and that simpler computational domains (i.e., 3D-Simple and 3D-Layered) are created differently – see Overview of Domain Types in HYDRUS.
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Introduction to Building 3D-General Domains
- Three basic techniques for creating objects are illustrated here.
- Generation of unstructured 3D finite element mesh is also demonstrated,
including the use of local refinement and mesh-stretching. - Open tutorial
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Introductory Example
Based on the Tutorial 5.02 - A simple reservoir, that you can find below, we have developed an Introductory Example (Water Flow from an Infiltration Basin to a Nearby River), in which you will go through all the phases of preparing input (i.e., geometry design, FE-Mesh generation, and specifying initial and boundary conditions, and domain properties) for a HYDRUS project, running the computational module, and looking at the results. We have written a quite extensive text describing how to proceed during this example.
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Introductory Example
Downloads:
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Defining domain properties and boundary conditions on geometric objects
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Tutorial 5.06 - Defining properties on geometric objects
Inputting properties on Geometric Objects is one of the key innovations in version 2. Users can specify various domain properties, and initial and boundary conditions, on Geometric Objects, rather than only on FE-Mesh, as previously available in version 1.x. This can be very useful especially in cases when we need to modify the domain geometry and do not want to lose already defined input data. Despite this new option it is still possible to specify properties of the FE mesh or in a mixed mode (i.e., partly on Geometric Objects and partly on FE mesh). The main switch for the input mode can be found in the opening dialog Domain Type and Units.
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Additional Tutorials
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5.01 - Graphical Input of Objects in 3D Space
Video (27 MB) - Download, PDF File (0.2 MB)
This demo shows the use of the Grid and Work Plane tools for graphical input of objects in a three-dimensional space. These two tools are intended to facilitate graphical input of complex objects in a three-dimensional space. A Work Plane is a working plane, in which users can specify various boundary objects, initial and boundary conditions, or other information. A Work Plane can be defined to correspond, or be parallel, with basic coordinate planes, such as XZ, XY, or YZ. An Alignment Grid is a grid in a selected Work Plane that enables users to precisely define new objects, such as points, lines, etc.
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5.02 - A Simple Reservoir
Video (72 MB) - Download, PDF File (0.6 MB)
This demo shows a design of a simple three-dimensional domain representing a reservoir. The domain is fully defined using Planar Surfaces. You will learn how do design simple domains, while using different locations of a Work Plane, an Origin of a Coordinate System and of an Alignment Grid.
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5.03 - Curved Surfaces
Video (42 MB) - Download, PDF File (0.4 MB)
This simple demo shows how to insert several basic 3D curved surfaces (Rotary, Pipe, and Quadrangle) that can be used to define boundary surfaces of complex 3D domains. Boundaries of 3D domains (or Solids, forming the domain) can be composed of any number of planar or curved surfaces, which gives HYDRUS the ability to design even very complex 3D domains.
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5.04 - A Simple Intersection of Surfaces
Video (45 MB) - Download, PDF File (0.7 MB)
This simple demo shows how to create an intersection of surfaces and how to work with surface components.
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5.10 - Tunnel Through a Hill
This demo shows a model of a more complex landscape with a tunnel through curved geological layers, created using an intersection of multiple surfaces. The hillside is defined using three major geological layers: the bottom layer (dark blue), the intermediate layer (light blue), and the surface layer (green), each defined using curved surfaces.
More Figures...
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5.12 - Ground Source Heat Pump
This tutorial shows modeling of a closed loop ground source heat pump (GSHP). The goal of this study with HYDRUS is to model the system and to evaluate "water temperature" that comes out of the loops after it has been in contact with surrounding soil medium.
More Information...
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5.15 - Multiple Intersection of Surfaces
This project has no physical meaning and we present it here only as an example of a complex object with multiple Intersections of Surfaces. In the cylindrical domain we have a system of cylindrical tubes that penetrate each other. It was possible to create an entire domain, including Intersections of Surfaces, in HYDRUS (without the help of other CAD programs) within few minutes.
More Information...
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5.16 - 3D-Layered domain with multiple layers
Video (11 MB) - Download
This tutorial shows how to create a 3D-Layered domain with multiple layers by importing "boreholes" using the OBJECT=THICKNESS_ARR3Z_NLAYERS command.
This tutorial was motivated by topic #1651 in our discussion forum (you can find more information http://www.pc-progress.com/forum/viewtopic.php?f=3&t=1651) and the file with thickness vectors, used for this tutorial, can be downloaded here: Layers.txt.
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5.17 - 2D Domain with multiple layers
Video (15 MB) - Download
This demo demonstrates how to create a 2D domain consisting of multiple surfaces (soil layers) representing different materials and how to assign correct materials to surfaces (layers) or FE-mesh nodes.
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5.18 - 3D General Domain with integrated subsolids and cavities
Video (36 MB) - Download
This demo demonstrates how to create solids (here Spheres) integraded in another Solid, i.e., as a "Solid in Solid" or a "Void in Solid".
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5.19 - Creating Mesh-lines
Video (15 MB) - Download
To calculate fluxes across a given line (in 2D projects), you need to use so called "mesh-lines". This tutorial shows how to create mesh-lines.
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Two-Dimensional Examples (from the HYDRUS Short Course)
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3.02 - Subsurface Line Source.
Open tutorial
A subsurface line source (e.g. drip irrigation) of water and solute is simulated in a vertical cross-section. A variable flux boundary condition is used to simulate irrigation and fertigation pulses. An unstructured finite element mesh is generated using the Meshgen program. This example familiarizes users with the basic concepts of transport domain design in the graphical environment of HYDRUS, with boundaries and domain discretization, as well as with the graphical display of results using contour and spectral maps.
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3.03 - Furrow Infiltration with a Solute Pulse.
Open tutorial
Alternate furrow irrigation with a solute pulse into a soil profile with a subsurface drain is considered. Users will become more familiar with the basic concepts of transport domain design in the graphical environment of HYDRUS, including how to numerically define boundary objects, as well as allowing them to gain a better understanding of boundaries and domain discretization.
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3.04 - Flow and Transport in a Transect to a Stream.
Open tutorial
Water flow and solute transport in a vertical transect with a stream is considered. The transport domain is relatively complex and consists of objects formed by polylines and splines. The problem, divided into three parts, also demonstrates how the results of a previous simulation can be used in follow-up calculations with different boundary conditions or having additional features.
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Three-Dimensional Example (from the HYDRUS Short Course)
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4.01 - Three-Dimensional Water Flow and Solute Transport.
This tutorial considers water flow and solute transport in a simple three-dimensional transport domain. The transport domain is a relatively simple hexahedral domain with a slope in the X-direction. Dimensions of the transport domain are 1000 * 250 * 200 cm and there is groundwater 100 cm below the soil surface. There is a source of water and contaminant at the soil surface. The example is divided into two parts. In the first part, the geometry of the transport domain and its discretization are defined, and initial and boundary conditions are specified. In the second part, the final pressure head profile from the first run is imported as an initial condition, and a pulse of solute is added to the surface source. The example thus again demonstrates how results of a previous simulation can be used in follow-up calculations with different boundary conditions or additional features. Users will learn how to define a simple three-dimensional transport domain and how to use Sections when defining initial and boundary conditions. Users will also learn various ways of viewing the transport domain and simulation results.
Download tutorial document: H3D2_Tutorial.pdf (0.4 MB)
Download Excel file with discretization data: H3D_Tutorial.xls (0.014 MB)
Download tutorial projects: H3D2_Tutorial.zip (9.7 MB)
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Tutorials for the Wetland Module
These three tutorials show how to use the HYDRUS Wetland Module for simulating vertical flow (VF) and horizontal flow (HF) constructed wetlands CWs). The following tutorials are described in the step-by-step fashion:
- Water Flow in a Vertical Flow Constructed Wetland (uses the standard HYDRUS water flow module).
- Reactive Transport in a Vertical Flow Constructed Wetland (uses the HYDRUS Wetland Module, the CW2D Biokinetic Model).
- Water Flow and Reactive Transport in a Horizontal Flow Constructed Wetland (uses the HYDRUS Wetland Module, the CWM1 Biokinetic Model).
Download tutorial document: Wetlands Tutorials (2.5 MB)
Download tutorial projects: Wetland_Tutorial.zip (5.9 MB)
Tutorials for the Unsatchem Module
A furrow irrigation problem is used in this tutorial to simulate two-dimensional infiltration of gypsum saturated water into a sodic soil. The simulation of sodic soil reclamation demonstrates the cation exchange feature of the UNSATCHEM module. Several variants (such as using different irrigation water, effects of solution composition on hydraulic conductivity, etc) of the basic simulations (done first) are discussed in the second part of the tutorial.
- Furrow irrigation with gypsum-saturated water.
- The effects of the solution composition on the hydraulic conductivity.
- Furrow irrigation with high quality water
- Furrow irrigation with high quality water and assuming presence of calcite in the profile (and either instantaneous or kinetic dissolution)
- Furrow irrigation with water of different qualities
Download tutorial document: Unsatchem Tutorials (0.7 MB)
Download tutorial projects: Unsatchem_Tutorial.zip (4.8 MB)