Introducing HYDRUS 2D/3D, Version 2.x
Dear clients and HYDRUS users,
In HYDRUS version 2.x, we are expanding the four editions (Levels), which were available in version 1.x of HYDRUS, namely 2D-Lite, 2D-Standard, 3D-Lite, and 3D-Standard, with a new additional 3D-Professional Level. The 3D-Professinal Level will enable you to define transport domains of virtually arbitrary 3D shapes. Another major improvement that should significantly improve the effectiveness of working with HYDRUS, is an option to specify various domain properties, and initial and boundary conditions, on Geometrical Objects, rather than on FE-Mesh. We have also implemented two new solute transport modules (UNSATCHEM and CWM1) for evaluating the transport of major ions and for simulating processes in natural or constructed wetlands. Version 2.02, released in September 2012, offers three additional add-on modules: DualPerm for simulating two-dimensional variably-saturated water movement and solute transport in dual-permeability porous media, i.e., preferential and nonequilibrium water flow and solute transport, C-Ride for simulating two-dimensional colloid-facilitated solute transport, and HP2, which couples Hydrus (its two-dimensional part) with the PHREEQC geochemical code [Parkhurst and Appelo, 1999] to create this new comprehensive simulation tool (HP2 - acronym for HYDRUS-PHREEQC-2D), corresponding to a similar one-dimensional module HP1. There are also many other additional improvements and expansions of the model.
This webpage provides you with links to a complete list of new features, new tutorials, and examples demonstrating these new options and features, and additional information. Please note that we will be continuously expanding information and resources available on this website.
Happy Hydrusing,
HYDRUS development team
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Selected New Features in HYDRUS 2.x
3D-General Domains of arbitrary Shapes
The 3D-Professional Level enables users to define the transport domain using geometrical objects (Solids) of arbitrary shapes, while boundaries of these objects are defined using boundary surfaces (planar or curved). In combination with an unstructured FE-mesh, this enables users to simulate flow and transport processes in very complex transport domains. More information:
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Defining Domain Properties on Geometric Objects
Users can specify various domain properties, along with initial and boundary conditions, on Geometric Objects, rather than only on FE-Mesh, as currently available in version 1.x. This can be very useful, especially in cases when we need to modify the domain geometry and do not want to lose already defined input data. More information:
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HYDRUS Add-on Modules
UNSATCHEM-2D Module - Transport of Major Ions
The geochemical UNSATCHEM module simulates the transport of major ions (i.e., Ca, Mg, Na, K, SO4, CO3, and Cl) in variably-saturated porous media, including major ion equilibrium and kinetic non-equilibrium chemistry. The resulting code is intended for predictions of major ion chemistry and water and solute fluxes in soils during transient flow. More information:
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CWM1 Constructed Wetland Module
Constructed Wetlands (CWs) are engineered water treatment systems that optimize the treatment processes found in natural environments. CWs are popular systems which efficiently treat different kinds of polluted water and are therefore sustainable, environmentally friendly solutions. Version 2 of the HYDRUS wetland module includes two biokinetic model formulations. While in the original wetland CW2D module, aerobic and anoxic transformation and degradation processes for organic matter, nitrogen and phosphorus were considered, in the new CWM1 module, aerobic, anoxic and anaerobic processes for organic matter, nitrogen and sulphur are considered. More information:
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DualPerm Module - Preferential and Nonequilibrium Flow and Transport
The DualPerm Module (in version 2.02 and higher) simulates two-dimensional variably-saturated water movement and solute transport in dual-permeability porous media, i.e., preferential and nonequilibrium water flow and solute transport. The dual-permeability model is based on the approach suggested by Gerke and van Genuchten (1993a). The dual-permeability formulation for water flow is based on a mixed form of the Richards equation, describing water flow in both the fractures (macropores) and the matrix (micropores) domains [Gerke and van Genuchten, 1993a]. The dual-permeability formulation for solute transport is based on a convection-dispersion equation, describing solute transport in both the fractures (macropores) and the matrix (micropores) domains [Gerke and van Genuchten, 1993a]. The mass transfer of water between the two domains is driven by the gradient of pressure heads. The mass transfer for solute includes both convective mass transfer with water mass transfer, as well as diffusive mass transfer driven by the concentration gradient. See the detailed description of this model either in references given below or in the DualPerm Module manual. More information:
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C-Ride Module - Colloid-Facilitated Solute Transport Module
The C-Ride Module (in version 2.02 and higher) simulates two-dimensional colloid-facilitated solute transport, which often occurs for strongly sorbing contaminants (e.g., heavy metals, radionuclides, pharmaceuticals, pesticides, and explosives) that are associated predominantly with the solid phase, which is commonly assumed to be stationary, but which can also sorb/attach to mobile colloidal particles (e.g., microbes, humic substances, suspended clay particles and metal oxides) that can act as pollutant carriers and thus provide a rapid transport pathway for these contaminants. More information:
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HP2 Module - Solute Transport and Biogeochemical Reactions
The HP2 Module (in version 2.02 and higher) couples Hydrus (its two-dimensional part) with the PHREEQC geochemical code [Parkhurst and Appelo, 1999] to create this new comprehensive simulation tool (HP2 - acronym for HYDRUS-PHREEQC-2D), corresponding to a similar one-dimensional module HP1. HP2 has, apart from the dimensionality (2D), the same capabilities as HP1. HP2 contains modules simulating (1) transient water flow, (2) the transport of multiple components, (3) mixed equilibrium/kinetic biogeochemical reactions, and (4) heat transport in two-dimensional variably-saturated porous media (soils). HP2 can simulate also a broad range of low-temperature biogeochemical reactions in water, the vadose zone and in ground water systems, including interactions with minerals, gases, exchangers and sorption surfaces based on thermodynamic equilibrium, kinetic, or mixed equilibrium-kinetic reactions. More information:
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HYPAR Module - HYDRUS Parallel Calculation
HYPAR is a parallelized version of the standard two-dimensional and three-dimensional HYDRUS computational modules (h2d_calc.exe and h3d_calc.exe). HYPAR uses PPL (Parallel Patterns Library), and thus it can be used on multi processor shared memory computers (PCs with multi-core (dual-core, quad-core) processors). HYPAR currently supports only calculations in the direct mode (does not support the inverse mode), and it does not support any add-on modules (e.g., HP2, UnsatChem, Wetland, and/or C-Ride). More information:
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SLOPE Classic Module - Slope Stability Analysis
The SLOPE Classic module is intended to be used mainly for stability checks of embankments, dams, earth cuts and anchored sheeting structures. The influence of water is modeled using the distribution of pore pressure, which is imported automatically from the HYDRUS results for specified times. Each time step of water distribution can be analyzed separately. The slip surface is considered as circular (and is evaluated using the Bishop, Fellenius/Petterson, Morgenstern-Price or the Spencer method). More information:
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SLOPE Cube Module - Slope Stress and Stability
The SLOPE Cube module (in version 2.05 and higher) was developed by the Soil Water Retention, LLC as a supplemental module of the HYDRUS (2D) software package to simulate two-dimensional transient fields of soil moisture, soil suction, suction stress, total and effective stresses, and local factor of safety. More information:
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