Overland Flow Module
Note that this module is currently under development and is not a standard part of HYDRUS-1D. It is a nonstandard extension that we share with HYDRUS users without guaranteeing its numerical stability and robustness.
Warning: This module is less numerically stable than the regular H1D program!
This web page documents adaptation of the HYDRUS-1D numerical model, intended to simulate variably-saturated water flow and solute transport in the subsurface, to simulate overland flow and solute transport over impervious surfaces. The overland flow can be generated either by an inflow into the transport domain (from upland) or by precipitation. Precipitation can occur over an entire transport domain or over only a certain part of the transport domain. Both inflow and precipitation can vary in time. Solute can enter the transport domain either with inflow, with precipitation, or by desorption from the impervious surface. The computational module of HYDRUS-1D was modified so that it can consider the processes discussed above and so that it can still be run from the HYDRUS-1D graphical user interface (Šimůnek et al., 2008). The adapted computational module of HYDRUS-1D was tested using multiple examples described in this report.
Download a brief description of implementation of overland flow into HYDRUS, as well as selected test examples below (pdf).
Download the executable module, which considers overland flow.
To use the code, you can simply replace the h1d_calc.exe file in the HYDRUS installation folder (make a backup of the original file first, so that you can return to it for other applications, in which you do not want to consider this new option), or you can place it anywhere else and run it outside of the GUI (see FAQ4).
- Project Group: Overland Flow
- Description: Examples demonstrating the use of the special module of HYDRUS-1D that simulate overland flow
- Availability: Download HYDRUS projects now (6.1 MB)
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Project
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Description
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Overland1
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Constant head inflow (hTop=1 cm); also the overland flow recession.
Parameters: 100 m, N=101, T=360 s, T_end=1200 s, slope=0.01 (=0.57o), n=0.01.
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Overland1(ab)
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The same conditions as for Overland1, but with variable surface roughness.
a: n=0.01 in the top half and 0.05 in the bottom half of the profile
b: n=0.05 in the top half and 0.01 in the bottom half of the profile
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Overland1s
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The same conditions as for Overland1, but additionally with solute inflow.
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Overland1s(abc)
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The same conditions as for Overland1.
a: solute inflow and retardation.
b: solute inflow and attachment/detachment.
c: solute desorption from the impervious surface.
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Overland2
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The same conditions as for Overland1, but with variable head inflow (h_Top=0.5 cm for T<180 s and h_Top=1.0 cm for 180<T<360 s).
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Overland3(ab)
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Overland flow generated by rainfall; also the overland flow recession.
Parameters: 100 m, N=101, T=3600 s, T_end=7200 s, slope=0.01 (=0.57o), n=0.01, q=0.00666 cm/s (24 cm/min).
a: rainfall aver entire profile
b: rainfall at the upper half of the profile
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Overland3s
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The same conditions as for Overland3, but additionally with solute in rainfall.
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Overland4(ab)
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The same conditions as for Overland3, but without overland flow recession and with variable surface roughness. T=7200 s.
a: n=0.05 in the top half and 0.01 in the bottom half of the profile
b: n=0.01 in the top half and 0.05 in the bottom half of the profile
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Overland5(ab)
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The same conditions as for Overland3, but without overland flow recession and with variable surface slope. T_end=6000 s.
a: Slope=0.01 for the top 50 m and 0.05 for the bottom 50 m.
b: Slope=0.05 for the top 50 m and 0.01 for the bottom 50 m.
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Overland5(cd)
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The same conditions as for Overland1, but without overland flow recession and with variable surface slope. T_end=6000 s.
c: Slope=0.01 for the top 50 m and 0.05 for the bottom 50 m.
d: Slope=0.05 for the top 50 m and 0.01 for the bottom 50 m.
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Overland6
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An example combining rainfall and inflow with variable surface roughness.
Parameters: 100 m, N=101, T_inflow=360 s (h_Top=1 cm), T_rain=3600 s (q=0.00666 cm/s), T_end=7200 s, slope=0.01 (=0.57o), n=0.05 in the top 50 m and n=0.01 in the bottom 50 m.
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+ q - rainfall, N - number of nodes, T - duration of the rainfall/inflow, n – surface roughness, T_end – simulation time, h_Top – inflow head.
References:
Šimůnek, J., Implementation of Overland Flow into HYDRUS-1D, HYDRUS Software Series 6a, Department of Environmental Sciences, University of California Riverside, Riverside, CA, 23 pp., May 2015.
Šimůnek, J., HYDRUS-2D Code Modification: Modeling Overland Flow and Dynamic Interactions Between Plants and Water Flow in a Hillslope Transect, Idaho National and Environmental Laboratory, Final report for project under contract number 00021013, 55 pp., 2003.
Šimůnek, J., M. Th. van Genuchten, and M. Šejna, The HYDRUS Software Package for Simulating Two- and Three-Dimensional Movement of Water, Heat, and Multiple Solutes in Variably-Saturated Media, Technical Manual, Version 1.0, PC Progress, Prague, Czech Republic, pp. 241, 2006.
van Genuchten, M. Th., and J. Šimůnek, Integrated modeling of vadose zone flow and transport processes, Proc. Unsaturated Zone Modelling: Progress, Challenges and Applications, Eds. R. A. Feddes, G. H. de Rooij, and J. C. van Dam, Wageningen UR Frontis Series, Vol. 6, Chapter 2, pp. 37- 69, x-xi, Kluwer Academic Publishers, Dordrecht, The Netherlands, 2004.
Šimůnek, J., M. Th. van Genuchten, and M. Šejna, Modeling Subsurface Water Flow and Solute Transport with HYDRUS and Related Numerical Software Packages, In: Garcia-Navarro & Playán (eds.), Numerical Modelling of Hydrodynamics for Water Resources, An International Workshop, Centro Politecnico Superior, University of Zaragoza Spain, June 18-21 2007. Taylor & Francis Group, London, ISBN 978-0-415-44056-1, 95-114, 2007.
Köhne, J. M., T. Wöhling, V. Pot, P. Benoit, S. Leguédois, Y. Le Bissonnais, and J. Šimůnek, Coupled simulation of surface runoff and soil water flow using multi-objective parameter estimation, J. of Hydrology, 403, 141-156, 2011.